Appendix III

Communicative and non-communicative items arranged according to their means in descending order in students' questionnaire

No. Items Mean SD
Communicative
32 speaking activities
4.13
0.98
Com
17 talking to classmates in English
3.76
1.16
Com
1 taking part in discussions
3.75
1.05
Com
14 listening to others in English
3.69
1.08
Com
6 taking part in language games
3.66
1.06
Com
15 listening to classmates giving oral presentation
3.60
1.01
Com
39 listening to inst. in English
3.50
1.25
Com
10 working in pairs
3.41
1.04
Com
29 taking part in role-plays
3.38
1.26
Com
9 working in small groups
3.36
1.10
Com
11 writing short passages in small groups
3.34
1.14
Com
5 group oral presentations
3.28
1.15
Com
4 giving individual oral presentation
2.81
1.24
Com
No. Items Mean SD
Non-communicative
37 learning vocabulary
4.23
0.90
Noncom
35 speed reading
4.09
0.96
Noncom
26 informal, un assessed tests
3.92
1.02
Noncom
36 doing translation
3.84
1.10
Noncom
33 reading comprehension activities
3.83
0.97
Noncom
28 being tested on my learning
3.67
1.04
Noncom
21 listening to instructor
3.60
1.10
Noncom
25 checking on my own writing
3.51
1.01
Noncom
16 planning exam answers
3.50
1.17
Noncom
22 doing written exercises
3.45
1.03
Noncom
31 reading aloud in class
3.42
1.19
Noncom
34 etymology (suffix, root, ...)
3.40
1.21
Noncom
27 listening to grammar instructions
3.38
1.11
Noncom
13 practicing writing exam answers within a time limit
3.29
1.18
Noncom
2 instructor-directed library research
3.26
1.24
Noncom
12 writing short passages individually in class
3.00
1.16
Noncom
24 checking other students' writing
2.96
1.11
Noncom
8 studying grammatical rules
2.89
1.18
Noncom
7 reading texts for language analysis, e.g., tenses
2.76
1.21
Noncom

SD = Standard Deviation; com = communicative; noncom = non-communicative

Text-based and Speech-based Items arranged according to their means in descending order in students' questionnaire

No. Items Mean SD
Text-based
35 speed reading
4.09
0.96
TX
26 informal, un assessed tests
3.92
1.02
TX
36 doing translation
3.84
1.10
TX
33 reading comprehension activities
3.83
0.97
TX
25 checking on my own writing
3.51
1.01
TX
16 planning exam answers
3.50
1.17
TX
22 doing written exercises
3.45
1.03
TX
31 reading aloud in class
3.42
1.19
TX
34 etymology (suffix, root, ...)
3.40
1.21
TX
19 writing assignment
3.39
1.26
TX
11 writing short passages in small groups
3.34
1.14
TX
13 practicing writing exam answers within a time limit
3.29
1.18
TX
2 instructor-directed library research
3.26
1.24
TX
20 doing project work
3.03
1.18
TX
12 writing short passages individually in class
3.00
1.16
TX
24 checking other students' writing
2.96
1.11
TX
8 studying grammatical rules
2.89
1.18
TX
7 reading texts for language analysis, e.g., tenses
2.76
1.21
TX
No. Items Mean SD
Speech-based
32 speaking activities
4.13
0.98
SP
3 watching training videos
4.01
1.04
SP
23 listening activities
3.93
1.03
SP
30 listening to audio recordings
3.89
1.09
SP
18 using language laboratory
3.88
1.14
SP
17 talking to classmates in English
3.76
1.16
SP
1 taking part in discussions
3.75
1.05
SP
14 listening to others in English
3.69
1.08
SP
15 listening to classmates giving oral presentation
3.60
1.01
SP
21 listening to instructor
3.60
1.10
SP
39 listening to instructor in English
3.50
1.25
SP
27 listening to grammar instructions
3.38
1.11
SP
29 taking part in role-plays
3.38
1.26
SP
5 group oral presentations
3.28
1.15
SP
4 giving individual oral presentation
2.81
1.24
SP

SD = Standard Deviation; SP = speech-based; TX = text-based

Communicative and Non-communicative Items arranged according to their means in descending order in instructors' questionnaire

No. Items Mean SD
Communicative
32 speaking activities
3.85
0.77
Com
1 taking part in discussions
3.81
0.83
Com
6 language games
3.67
1.18
Com
10 working in pairs
3.59
0.97
Com
9 working in small groups
3.52
0.94
Com
14 listening to others using Eng. in class
3.41
0.84
Com
15 listening to classmates giving oral presentations
3.33
0.88
Com
29 taking part in role-play
3.26
1.06
Com
39 listening to my instructor speaking English all the time
3.11
1.34
Com
17 talking to classmates in Eng.
3.04
1.16
Com
5 giving group oral presentations
2.89
1.09
Com
4 giving individual oral presentations
2.89
1.09
Com
11 writing short passages in small groups
2.63
1.01
Com
No. Items Mean SD
Non-communicative
37 learning vocabulary
3.96
0.81
Noncom
33 reading comprehension
3.93
0.73
Noncom
16 planning exam answers
3.78
1.09
Noncom
36 translation
3.67
0.92
Noncom
28 being tested on my learning
3.59
1.01
Noncom
26 doing informal, un assessed tests
3.59
1.15
Noncom
22 doing written exercises
3.56
0.89
Noncom
34 etymology (prefix, root, ...)
3.56
0.97
Noncom
25 checking my own writing
3.48
0.89
Noncom
21 listening to instructor giving explanations about skills
3.48
1.05
Noncom
13 practicing writing exam answers
3.33
1.00
Noncom
35 speed reading
3.26
1.02
Noncom
27 listening to the instructor giving explanations about language, e.g., active voice
3.26
1.10
Noncom
24 checking other students' writing
3.15
0.99
Noncom
31 reading aloud in class
3.07
1.00
Noncom
8 studying grammatical rules
3.00
1.14
Noncom
7 reading texts for language analysis
2.74
1.06
Noncom
2 instructor-directed library research
2.63
1.08
Noncom
12 writing short passages individually
2.44
0.93
Noncom

SD = Standard Deviation; com = communicative; noncom = non-communicative

Text-based and Speech-based Items arranged according to their means in descending order in instructors' questionnaire

No. Items Mean SD
Text-based
33 reading comprehension
3.93
0.73
TX
16 planning exam answers
3.78
1.09
TX
36 translation
3.67
0.92
TX
26 doing informal, un assessed tests
3.59
1.15
TX
22 doing written exercises
3.56
0.89
TX
34 etymology (prefix, root, ...)
3.56
0.97
TX
25 checking my own writing
3.48
0.89
TX
13 practicing writing exam answers
3.33
1.00
TX
35 speed reading
3.26
1.02
TX
24 checking other students' writing
3.15
0.99
TX
31 reading aloud in class
3.07
1.00
TX
20 doing project work
3.00
1.07
TX
8 studying grammatical rules
3.00
1.14
TX
19 writing assignments outside class
2.81
0.92
TX
7 reading texts for language analysis
2.74
1.06
TX
11 writing short passages in small groups
2.63
1.01
TX
2 instructor-directed library research
2.63
1.08
TX
12 writing short passages individually
2.44
0.93
TX
No. Items Mean SD
Speech-based
3 watching training videos
4.11
0.70
SP
18 using language laboratory
4.04
0.90
SP
32 speaking activities
3.85
0.77
SP
1 taking part in discussions
3.81
0.83
SP
23 listening activities
3.74
0.90
SP
30 listening to audio recordings
3.63
1.04
SP
21 listening to instructor giving explanations about skills
3.48
1.05
SP
14 listening to others using Eng. in class
3.41
0.84
SP
15 listening to classmates giving oral presentations
3.33
0.88
SP
29 taking part in role-play
3.26
1.06
SP
27 listening to the instructor giving explanations about language, e.g., active voice
3.26
1.10
SP
39 listening to my instructor speaking English all the time
3.11
1.34
SP
17 talking to classmates in Eng.
3.04
1.16
SP
5 giving group oral presentations
2.89
1.09
SP
4 giving individual oral presentations
2.89
1.09
SP
SD = Standard Deviation; SP = speech-based; TX = text-based