{"id":2575,"date":"2009-08-18T05:19:25","date_gmt":"2009-08-18T12:19:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.tesl-ej.org\/wordpress\/?page_id=2575"},"modified":"2009-08-18T05:19:25","modified_gmt":"2009-08-18T12:19:25","slug":"a2app3","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/tesl-ej.org\/wordpress\/issues\/volume8\/ej31\/ej31a2\/a2app3\/","title":{"rendered":"Appendix III"},"content":{"rendered":"

Appendix III <\/strong><\/p>\n

Communicative and non-communicative <\/strong>items arranged according
\n to their means <\/em> in descending order in students<\/em><\/strong>‘ <\/em> questionnaire <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No. <\/strong><\/td>\nItems <\/strong><\/td>\nMean <\/strong><\/td>\nSD<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
Communicative <\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32 <\/td>\nspeaking activities <\/td>\n\n
4.13 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.98 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17 <\/td>\ntalking to classmates in English<\/td>\n\n
3.76 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.16 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 <\/td>\ntaking part in discussions <\/td>\n\n
3.75 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.05 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14 <\/td>\nlistening to others in English<\/td>\n\n
3.69 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.08 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6 <\/td>\ntaking part in language games <\/td>\n\n
3.66 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.06 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15 <\/td>\nlistening to classmates giving oral presentation <\/td>\n\n
3.60 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.01 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39 <\/td>\nlistening to inst. in English<\/td>\n\n
3.50 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.25 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10 <\/td>\nworking in pairs <\/td>\n\n
3.41 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.04 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29 <\/td>\ntaking part in role-plays <\/td>\n\n
3.38 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.26 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9 <\/td>\nworking in small groups <\/td>\n\n
3.36 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.10 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11 <\/td>\nwriting short passages in small groups <\/td>\n\n
3.34 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.14 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5 <\/td>\ngroup oral presentations <\/td>\n\n
3.28 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.15 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4 <\/td>\ngiving individual oral presentation <\/td>\n\n
2.81 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.24 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
No. <\/strong><\/td>\nItems <\/strong><\/td>\nMean <\/strong><\/td>\nSD<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
Non-communicative <\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37 <\/td>\nlearning vocabulary <\/td>\n\n
4.23 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.90 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35 <\/td>\nspeed reading <\/td>\n\n
4.09 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.96 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26 <\/td>\ninformal, un assessed tests <\/td>\n\n
3.92 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.02 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36 <\/td>\ndoing translation <\/td>\n\n
3.84 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.10 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33 <\/td>\nreading comprehension activities<\/td>\n\n
3.83 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.97 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28 <\/td>\nbeing tested on my learning <\/td>\n\n
3.67 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.04 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21 <\/td>\nlistening to instructor <\/td>\n\n
3.60 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.10 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25 <\/td>\nchecking on my own writing <\/td>\n\n
3.51 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.01 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16 <\/td>\nplanning exam answers <\/td>\n\n
3.50 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.17 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22 <\/td>\ndoing written exercises <\/td>\n\n
3.45 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.03 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31 <\/td>\nreading aloud in class <\/td>\n\n
3.42 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.19 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34 <\/td>\netymology (suffix, root, …) <\/td>\n\n
3.40 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.21 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27 <\/td>\nlistening to grammar instructions <\/td>\n\n
3.38 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.11 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13 <\/td>\npracticing writing exam answers within a
\n time limit <\/td>\n		\n
3.29 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.18 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2 <\/td>\ninstructor-directed library research <\/td>\n\n
3.26 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.24 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12 <\/td>\nwriting short passages individually in class <\/td>\n\n
3.00 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.16 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24 <\/td>\nchecking other students’ writing <\/td>\n\n
2.96 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.11 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8 <\/td>\nstudying grammatical rules <\/td>\n\n
2.89 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.18 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7 <\/td>\nreading texts for language analysis, e.g.,
\n tenses <\/td>\n		\n
2.76 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.21 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

SD = Standard Deviation; com = communicative; noncom =
\n non-communicative <\/p>\n

Text-based and Speech-based <\/strong> Items arranged according to
\n their means <\/em> in descending order in students<\/em><\/strong>‘ <\/em> questionnaire <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No. <\/strong><\/td>\nItems <\/strong><\/td>\nMean <\/strong><\/td>\nSD<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
Text-based <\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35 <\/td>\nspeed reading <\/td>\n\n
4.09 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.96 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26 <\/td>\ninformal, un assessed tests <\/td>\n\n
3.92 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.02 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36 <\/td>\ndoing translation <\/td>\n\n
3.84 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.10 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33 <\/td>\nreading comprehension activities<\/td>\n\n
3.83 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.97 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25 <\/td>\nchecking on my own writing <\/td>\n\n
3.51 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.01 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16 <\/td>\nplanning exam answers <\/td>\n\n
3.50 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.17 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22 <\/td>\ndoing written exercises <\/td>\n\n
3.45 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.03 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31 <\/td>\nreading aloud in class <\/td>\n\n
3.42 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.19 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34 <\/td>\netymology (suffix, root, …) <\/td>\n\n
3.40 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.21 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19 <\/td>\nwriting assignment <\/td>\n\n
3.39 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.26 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11 <\/td>\nwriting short passages in small groups <\/td>\n\n
3.34 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.14 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13 <\/td>\npracticing writing exam answers within
\n a time limit <\/td>\n		\n
3.29 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.18 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2 <\/td>\ninstructor-directed library research <\/td>\n\n
3.26 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.24 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20 <\/td>\ndoing project work <\/td>\n\n
3.03 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.18 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12 <\/td>\nwriting short passages individually in
\n class <\/td>\n		\n
3.00 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.16 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24 <\/td>\nchecking other students’ writing <\/td>\n\n
2.96 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.11 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8 <\/td>\nstudying grammatical rules <\/td>\n\n
2.89 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.18 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7 <\/td>\nreading texts for language analysis, e.g.,
\n tenses <\/td>\n		\n
2.76 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.21 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
No. <\/strong><\/td>\nItems <\/strong><\/td>\nMean <\/strong><\/td>\nSD<\/strong><\/td>\n\n
Speech-based <\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32 <\/td>\nspeaking activities <\/td>\n\n
4.13 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.98 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3 <\/td>\nwatching training videos <\/td>\n\n
4.01 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.04 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23 <\/td>\nlistening activities <\/td>\n\n
3.93 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.03 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30 <\/td>\nlistening to audio recordings <\/td>\n\n
3.89 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.09 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18 <\/td>\nusing language laboratory <\/td>\n\n
3.88 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.14 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17 <\/td>\ntalking to classmates in English<\/td>\n\n
3.76 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.16 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 <\/td>\ntaking part in discussions <\/td>\n\n
3.75 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.05 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14 <\/td>\nlistening to others in English<\/td>\n\n
3.69 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.08 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15 <\/td>\nlistening to classmates giving oral presentation <\/td>\n\n
3.60 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.01 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21 <\/td>\nlistening to instructor <\/td>\n\n
3.60 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.10 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39 <\/td>\nlistening to instructor in English<\/td>\n\n
3.50 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.25 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27 <\/td>\nlistening to grammar instructions <\/td>\n\n
3.38 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.11 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29 <\/td>\ntaking part in role-plays <\/td>\n\n
3.38 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.26 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5 <\/td>\ngroup oral presentations <\/td>\n\n
3.28 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.15 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4 <\/td>\ngiving individual oral presentation <\/td>\n\n
2.81 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.24 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

SD = Standard Deviation; SP =
\n speech-based; TX = text-based <\/p>\n

Communicative and Non-communicative <\/strong> Items arranged according
\n to their means <\/em> in descending order in instructors’ <\/em><\/strong><\/em>questionnaire <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No. <\/strong><\/td>\nItems <\/strong><\/td>\nMean <\/strong><\/td>\nSD <\/strong><\/td>\n\n
Communicative <\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32 <\/td>\nspeaking activities <\/td>\n\n
3.85 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.77 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 <\/td>\ntaking part in discussions <\/td>\n\n
3.81 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.83 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6 <\/td>\nlanguage games <\/td>\n\n
3.67 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.18 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10 <\/td>\nworking in pairs <\/td>\n\n
3.59 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.97 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9 <\/td>\nworking in small groups <\/td>\n\n
3.52 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.94 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14 <\/td>\nlistening to others using Eng. in class <\/td>\n\n
3.41 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.84 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15 <\/td>\nlistening to classmates giving oral presentations <\/td>\n\n
3.33 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.88 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29 <\/td>\ntaking part in role-play <\/td>\n\n
3.26 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.06 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39 <\/td>\nlistening to my instructor speaking English
\n all the time <\/td>\n		\n
3.11 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.34 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17 <\/td>\ntalking to classmates in Eng. <\/td>\n\n
3.04 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.16 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5 <\/td>\ngiving group oral presentations <\/td>\n\n
2.89 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.09 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4 <\/td>\ngiving individual oral presentations <\/td>\n\n
2.89 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.09 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11 <\/td>\nwriting short passages in small groups <\/td>\n\n
2.63 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.01 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Com <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
No. <\/strong><\/td>\nItems <\/strong><\/td>\nMean <\/strong><\/td>\nSD <\/strong><\/td>\n\n
Non-communicative <\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37 <\/td>\nlearning vocabulary <\/td>\n\n
3.96 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.81 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33 <\/td>\nreading comprehension <\/td>\n\n
3.93 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.73 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16 <\/td>\nplanning exam answers <\/td>\n\n
3.78 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.09 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36 <\/td>\ntranslation <\/td>\n\n
3.67 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.92 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28 <\/td>\nbeing tested on my learning <\/td>\n\n
3.59 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.01 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26 <\/td>\ndoing informal, un assessed tests <\/td>\n\n
3.59 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.15 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22 <\/td>\ndoing written exercises <\/td>\n\n
3.56 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.89 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34 <\/td>\netymology (prefix, root, …) <\/td>\n\n
3.56 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.97 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25 <\/td>\nchecking my own writing <\/td>\n\n
3.48 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.89 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21 <\/td>\nlistening to instructor giving explanations
\n about skills <\/td>\n		\n
3.48 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.05 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13 <\/td>\npracticing writing exam answers <\/td>\n\n
3.33 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.00 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35 <\/td>\nspeed reading <\/td>\n\n
3.26 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.02 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27 <\/td>\nlistening to the instructor giving explanations
\n about language, e.g., active voice <\/td>\n		\n
3.26 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.10 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24 <\/td>\nchecking other students’ writing <\/td>\n\n
3.15 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.99 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31 <\/td>\nreading aloud in class <\/td>\n\n
3.07 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.00 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8 <\/td>\nstudying grammatical rules <\/td>\n\n
3.00 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.14 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7 <\/td>\nreading texts for language analysis <\/td>\n\n
2.74 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.06 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2 <\/td>\ninstructor-directed library research <\/td>\n\n
2.63 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.08 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12 <\/td>\nwriting short passages individually <\/td>\n\n
2.44 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.93 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
Noncom <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

SD = Standard Deviation; com = communicative; noncom = non-communicative<\/p>\n

Text-based and Speech-based <\/strong> Items arranged according
\n to their means <\/em> in descending order in instructors’ <\/em><\/strong><\/em>questionnaire <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
No. <\/strong><\/td>\nItems <\/strong><\/td>\nMean <\/strong><\/td>\nSD <\/strong><\/td>\n\n
Text-based <\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33 <\/td>\nreading comprehension <\/td>\n\n
3.93 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.73 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16 <\/td>\nplanning exam answers <\/td>\n\n
3.78 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.09 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36 <\/td>\ntranslation <\/td>\n\n
3.67 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.92 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26 <\/td>\ndoing informal, un assessed tests <\/td>\n\n
3.59 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.15 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22 <\/td>\ndoing written exercises <\/td>\n\n
3.56 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.89 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34 <\/td>\netymology (prefix, root, …) <\/td>\n\n
3.56 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.97 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25 <\/td>\nchecking my own writing <\/td>\n\n
3.48 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.89 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13 <\/td>\npracticing writing exam answers <\/td>\n\n
3.33 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.00 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35 <\/td>\nspeed reading <\/td>\n\n
3.26 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.02 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24 <\/td>\nchecking other students’ writing <\/td>\n\n
3.15 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.99 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31 <\/td>\nreading aloud in class <\/td>\n\n
3.07 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.00 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20 <\/td>\ndoing project work <\/td>\n\n
3.00 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.07 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8 <\/td>\nstudying grammatical rules <\/td>\n\n
3.00 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.14 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19 <\/td>\nwriting assignments outside class <\/td>\n\n
2.81 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.92 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7 <\/td>\nreading texts for language analysis <\/td>\n\n
2.74 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.06 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11 <\/td>\nwriting short passages in small groups <\/td>\n\n
2.63 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.01 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2 <\/td>\ninstructor-directed library research <\/td>\n\n
2.63 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.08 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12 <\/td>\nwriting short passages individually <\/td>\n\n
2.44 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.93 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
TX <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
No. <\/strong><\/td>\nItems <\/strong><\/td>\nMean <\/strong><\/td>\nSD <\/strong><\/td>\n\n
Speech-based <\/strong><\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3 <\/td>\nwatching training videos <\/td>\n\n
4.11 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.70 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18 <\/td>\nusing language laboratory <\/td>\n\n
4.04 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.90 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32 <\/td>\nspeaking activities <\/td>\n\n
3.85 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.77 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1 <\/td>\ntaking part in discussions <\/td>\n\n
3.81 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.83 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23 <\/td>\nlistening activities <\/td>\n\n
3.74 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.90 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30 <\/td>\nlistening to audio recordings <\/td>\n\n
3.63 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.04 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21 <\/td>\nlistening to instructor giving explanations
\n about skills <\/td>\n		\n
3.48 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.05 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14 <\/td>\nlistening to others using Eng. in class <\/td>\n\n
3.41 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.84 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15 <\/td>\nlistening to classmates giving oral presentations <\/td>\n\n
3.33 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
0.88 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29 <\/td>\ntaking part in role-play <\/td>\n\n
3.26 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.06 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27 <\/td>\nlistening to the instructor giving explanations
\n about language, e.g., active voice <\/td>\n		\n
3.26 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.10 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
39 <\/td>\nlistening to my instructor speaking English
\n all the time <\/td>\n		\n
3.11 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.34 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17 <\/td>\ntalking to classmates in Eng. <\/td>\n\n
3.04 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.16 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5 <\/td>\ngiving group oral presentations <\/td>\n\n
2.89 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.09 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4 <\/td>\ngiving individual oral presentations <\/td>\n\n
2.89 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
1.09 <\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
SP <\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/table>\n

SD = Standard Deviation; SP = speech-based; TX = text-based <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Appendix III Communicative and non-communicative items arranged according to their means in descending order in students‘ questionnaire No. Items Mean SD Communicative 32 speaking activities 4.13 0.98 Com 17 talking to classmates in English 3.76 1.16 Com 1 taking part in discussions 3.75 1.05 Com 14 listening to others in English 3.69 1.08 Com 6 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":2569,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2575","page","type-page","status-publish","entry"],"featured_image_src":null,"featured_image_src_square":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tesl-ej.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2575","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tesl-ej.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tesl-ej.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tesl-ej.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tesl-ej.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2575"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tesl-ej.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2575\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2576,"href":"https:\/\/tesl-ej.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2575\/revisions\/2576"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tesl-ej.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2569"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tesl-ej.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2575"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}